Quantum Device Startups: Pioneering Innovation in Quantum Tech
Topology is especially helpful here because many
global topological properties are, by definition, invariant under
deformation, and given that most errors are local, information encoded
in topological properties is robust against them. Unitary gates manipulate information stored in the “quantum
register”—a quantum system—and in this sense
ordinary (unitary) quantum evolution can be regarded as a computation. In order to read the result of this computation, however, the quantum
register must be measured. The measurement gate is a non-unitary gate
that “collapses” the quantum superposition in the register
onto one of its terms with a probability corresponding to its complex
coefficient.… Read More